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How To Start A Towing Business – Background Info
How To Start A Towing Business
How To Start A Towing Business – Background Info:
How To Start A Towing Business –Tasks And Skills Needed:Business Specific Tasks:
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Top tips for trouble-free towing
Top tips for trouble-free towing
Are you transporting horses by trailer this season? Horse Deals looks at how to stay safe and improve your skills
With more and more owners opting for a trailer as their method of transporting horses, it’s vital to make sure you’re towing safely. That means ensuring your trailer and tow vehicle are a good match and in good order, that you’re driving skills are up to scratch — and that you’re staying legal. The materials used in modern two-horse trailers mean they’re relatively lightweight, but you still need to make sure your tow vehicle is up to the job. It’s important to know the weight not only of your trailer but your horses; weigh tapes give a guide, but, ideally, use a specialist weighbridge such as those found at many veterinary practices.
Once you’ve got the figures, get expert advice on the suitability of towing vehicles. The rule of thumb is that the weight of the loaded trailer shouldn’t be more than 85% of the towing vehicle’s unladen weight because you don’t want the trailer pushing your car downhill rather than being towed by it.
It’s also important that the trailer’s noseweight is correct. If it’s too high, which is the most common error, it will push the back of the car down and lift its nose. This is often caused by overloading the front of the trailer with heavy water containers and makes the whole outfit unstable and more prone to snaking.
Mechanical matters Don’t be lulled into a false sense of security by the fact that compared to a horsebox, a trailer is mechanically simple. It still needs to be checked before every trip and maintained and serviced regularly.
Read your trailer manual — this might sound obvious, but a lot of people don’t. It will give you vital information such as correct tyre pressures, which are often much higher than those for the average car and must be checked before each use. You also need to check that the tyres on your car and trailer, including spares, have a good tread. The legal minimum is 1.6mm over the central 75% of their width for the whole circumference, but this offers little grip on wet roads and anything under 3mm may be inadequate.
The tyre walls must be in good condition with no deep cuts or bulges. Having said that, punctures can still happen, so it’s a good idea to carry a special wedge-shaped trailer lift.
This design is safer than a conventional jack because when horses move around it’s less likely that the trailer will be rocked off. Trailer lifts are easy to use: the wheel to be replaced is lifted off the ground by towing its partner on the same side onto a recess on top of the wedge.
The car’s towball should be greased and every time you hitch up check that the trailer lights are working properly and that the lamp lenses are clean and undamaged. The breakaway cable, which is a legal requirement on a braked trailer, must be in good condition and not attached to anything on the car that may be pulled off.
You don’t need to be a mechanic to carry out commonsense maintenance and checks. Three of the most simple and important are to clean out the trailer every time it’s used, lift rubber matting regularly and clean underneath it and check all hinges and locks.
If you know what you’re doing, you may be able to carry out work such as brake adjustment yourself. However, most owners prefer to get their trailer serviced by a recognised dealer.
On the road
The fact that you can drive a car competently doesn’t mean you can tow a trailer safely. For a start, make sure you’re legal — if you passed your driving test after 1 January 1997 you’ll need to take a towing test to tow most horse trailers. For up to date information, see www.direct.gov.uk and follow the link to motoring, then to driver licensing.
There are now lots of specialist training courses that can help those new to towing and drivers who want to brush up their skills. Find someone who has experience with horse trailers as well as caravans; www.towingcourses.co.uk could be a starting point.
Jon Phillips, managing director of the Organisation of Horsebox and Trailer Owners, which operates a specialist breakdown scheme, points out that most horse trailers are wider than towing vehicles. This affects where you need to position your tow car on the road.
“Drive your vehicle next to the kerb and the trailer will be bouncing on the pavement!” he says.
Several things can cause snaking, from sudden braking to the wheels getting caught in grooves on the road left by lorries
However, he adds that most people tend to drive wide, leaving more space than necessary between the kerb and trailer.
“The best way to check your road positioning while going along is to glance in the wing mirror and see where the trailer is, then look ahead and adjust the vehicle position to suit,” he advises.
Take the trailer’s extra width into account when turning corners and negotiating roundabouts and when you’re pulling into a petrol station, remember you can’t park as close to the fuel pump as normal.
It’s vital to think ahead to give your horse or horses a smooth ride and you’ll need to anticipate what other drivers are going to do even more than in ordinary circumstances.
“If you see a car far ahead braking, start to slow down — don’t wait for the car directly in front to brake,” says Jon. “With a loaded trailer, you won’t stop as quickly as you’re used to, so leave plenty of space.
“And anticipate traffic lights. If they’ve been green for a long time, expect them to turn red.”
One of the most frightening things is when a trailer starts to snake — moving from side to side. Several things can cause this, from sudden braking to the wheels getting caught in grooves on the road left by lorries, often known as tramlining. Don’t try to steer or accelerate out of it. Instead, hold the steering wheel straight ahead and brake gently until the trailer comes back under your control. Many trailer owners like to use stabilisers, but although they offer an extra safety benefit they can’t compensate for a badly matched towing outfit.
Other useful safety measures include fitting head partitions when necessary to prevent horses squabbling. If you have to load up by yourself, take a look at the Tui Safety Bar, which prevents a horse backing out of the trailer before you have time to fasten the breech bar.
Invented by Mandy Smith and named after the horse who did just this, it also has a safety release system that eliminates the risk of a panicking horse becoming trapped on the breast bar when travelling.
If you’re travelling a horse alone and he prefers company, you might find he settles better with an addition such as Equibrand’s travelling companion mirror. This works in the same way as stable mirrors; horses don’t seem to recognise their own reflections and are often comforted by the presence of what they think is another animal.
Remember that when towing a trailer, you’re restricted to the inside and middle lanes of a motorway and mustn’t exceed 60mph. Equally important, adjust your speed to road conditions and your horse’s comfort — just because you’re entitled to drive at up to 60mph on a motorway doesn’t always mean it’s advisable to do so.
For many drivers the most difficult aspect of towing is reversing. There’s only one way to master this skill and that’s to find a safe open area and practise until you’re confident: use bollards or plastic jump stands in a field and practise reversing in a straight line, round corners and into a marked parking space.
At first, it’s quite difficult to accept that you need to turn the car’s steering wheel in the opposite direction to that you want the trailer to go. Think of pushing the trailer rather than pulling it when you’re reversing and you might find it easier.
The easiest way to carry out reversing manoeuvres is to put one hand on the bottom of the steering wheel and move it to the right if you want the trailer to go to the right and to the left if you intend the trailer to move left. If you get it wrong, straighten up and start again.
Look after your trailer, make sure you’ve got specialist breakdown cover that looks after the horses as well as the mechanical horsepower, get expert help when necessary and keep abreast of legislation. That way, you and your horses stand the best chance of a smooth, safe journey.
10 Must-Know Towing Tips
10 Must-Know Towing Tips

Ten Towing Tips for Newbies
or you’re a complete newbie to towing, here are some tips and reminders—outside
of making sure your tow vehicle is in tip-top shape, and properly
loaded—regarding what to do before you set out and how to get there safe.
- Research More on Towing
Explanation
Explanation
| TowCarCalculations has developed several on-line programs which can predict and compare the pulling performances of your car hooked-up to your caravan. The programs are able to compute the top speeds on flat roads and on gradients. Hill starts are part of the information too. Even acceleration figures are predicted as well as the proper use of the highest gear. Also the effect of wind on your outfit is calculated. And no, we don’t forget the changing weight ratios between van and car either.Have a look at the possibilities in the menu later on, but we advise you to read on first… |
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Star Rating System – Whattowcar Assessment Score©
Towing capability is summarized by a five star ranking, highlighted in three
colors. The color depends on the caravan/towing vehicle weight ratio for safety
reasons. All green stars indicate a perfect match between caravan and car but if
you see red stars then the caravan is too heavy for safe towing, either when the
going gets tough or it’s simply not allowed by law. Towing with an outfit with
orange stars should be legally OK, but you have to pay special attention to the
distribution of weight, noseweigt and tyre pressures. But you do that anyway,
don’t you?
The weight ratio (thus the color of the stars and the specific text in the
comments) is based on a mix of European ‘standards’. The match percentage in the
verdict is based on the UK standard Towing Code (loaded caravan / car
kerbweight). But beware of possible differences between UK-kerbweight (incl.
fluids) / EC-kerbweight (incl. driver) / Dutch-tax-kerbweight (incl. nothing).
Our database inconsequently contains the latter two. So please check these
weights before making decisions. When stars persist in the red, it might be the
case that towing with this specific car is not allowed at all. We know of some
Aston Martins…
The number of stars indicate the general towing capability and performance of
your car hooked-up with the selected caravan. The more stars the better of
course.
Safety and stability index
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Based on the weight ratio, towball weight and the dimensions of the caravan we calculate the stability index. It gives an indication of the safety reserve of the outfit. |
Speed index and maximum gradient
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The speed index is to be used as an indication to make a quick comparison easy between different cars or outfits. The figure represents the average of the following top speeds: - Absolute (often in a lower gear) - In top gear - During (head) wind - On motorway slopes Based on 85% of maximum throttle (power) and avoiding excessive high revs.The gradient is the computed maximum you will just be able to get away on 1500 m above sea level. (If you get enough traction) |
Above that we provide six different ratings in special areas. Three of them
on flat roads and three for performance in mountainous regions.
| Performance on leveled roads Acceleration and take over Towing ability |
Performance in mountainous regions Driving on motorway slopes Driving on steep roads |
Compute your outfit on-line
In just a few clicks you can obtain an on-line computation of your favorite
outfit. Just select your car and caravan from the lists. If your caravan is not
listed, select ‘A standard caravan’. In the next screen never mind the choice
you have in selecting caravan model. Airflow (look at the pics here to compare)
must be selected in the next screen where you fill in the metric
dimensions of your caravan as well. One foot is 0.305 metres and one inch is
2.54 cm. We do provide speeds in mph though… An important parameter is the
drag or wind flow (Cw) of your caravan, see the images below and identify your
type. For the payload of your car you must notice that the kerbweight does not
include passengers, towbar and accessories.
Very good![]() |
Average (most modern caravans) ![]() |
Poor![]() |
| Rounded edges not only on the lower part but also at roof level means very good airflow. The roof front itself is flattened. |
Average drag example. Rather big rounded edges, but mainly on the lower half of the front. |
Poor airflow is achieved because of the small radius of the edges and the high roof level. |
Interpretation of the presented data
Perhaps the most valuable computations are when you compare them to others.
Enter your current towcar and compare it with one in those brochures scattered
around on your desk…
On screen the difference between 70 or 80 mph seems not that relevant – but
the towcar that manages this top speed of 80 mph in fifth will easily maintain
60 mph (96 km/h) even with a bit of headwind or on a slight incline. Besides the
figures the program presents a plain text verdict. Even if we predict the
combination on certain aspects as (rather) poor, you can certainly still enjoy
driving the selected outfit. It then depends on your personal requirements.
Are the results accurate?
The exactness of the calculations is very high, but only if your input was
correct. Extensive roadtests are performed to check these outcomes. But
differences between your practical experiences and our predictions can occur.
There are not that much studies done of car/caravan combinations in windtunnels.
If you encounter substantial differences, please feel free to contact us. Weird predictions due to
mistakes in the database we would also like hear about.
Need to Move Your Car With the Rest of Your Stuff
Tow Dolly Precautions
- Your vehicle must have lockable steering. Check your owner’s manual if you
are unsure. - A tow dolly cannot be used to tow mid- or rear-engine mounted vehicles.
- Vehicles with a low front end or air dams may not have enough ground
clearance to drive up the tow dolly platform. - The tow dolly must be attached to your Penske rental truck before loading
your vehicle onto the tow dolly. - Your vehicle must be centered with its front end on the tow dolly facing
forward. Never back a vehicle onto a tow dolly. - Rear-wheel, four-wheel or all-wheel drive vehicles must have their drive
shaft disconnected and removed. Consult your auto dealer. - Do not load possessions, people or pets in your towed vehicle.
- Do not attempt to back up your rental truck with the tow dolly attached.
Severe damage to your vehicle and the tow dolly could result. If backing up is
necessary, remove your vehicle from the tow dolly, then unhook the tow dolly
from the truck and move separately.
Tow Dolly Load Limitations
| Limitation Description | Limitation Value |
|---|---|
| Towed vehicle at widest point: | 74 in. |
| Minimum width: | 42 in. inside of tires |
| Maximum weight: | 4,300 lbs. |
Hooking up Your Tow Dolly to Your Truck

- 1. The coupler-locking device must be in the full open position. Place the
coupler of the tow dolly over the 2 in. hitchball on your rental truck. Be sure
the coupler is fully seated down over the hitchball.
Loading Your Vehicle Onto the Tow Dolly

- 1. Be sure that your truck and tow dolly are lined up straight on level
ground. Also, make sure that the tow dolly platform is straight.
Sign on tow dolly is reversed so it can be seen correctly
in rearview mirror.- 2. Remove safety pin on the tie-down ratchet assembly and unroll the tire
straps. Place ratchet handle in the down position. - 3. Lay tire straps along fender side of the tow dolly, off of the tire
platform. 
- 4. Release the platform locking pin and allow the tow dolly platform to tilt
back.
Sign on tow dolly is reversed so it can be seen correctly
in rearview mirror.- 5. With someone safely guiding you, slowly drive the front end of your
vehicle onto the tow dolly until the front tires are resting against the tow
dolly wheel stops. As you drive your vehicle onto the tow dolly, the platform
will go into the upright position. NEVER BACK UP YOUR
VEHICLE ONTO A TOW DOLLY. - 6. Make certain that your vehicle is centered on the tow dolly platform,
because the platform swivels during turns. Adequate space is required between
the tow dolly fenders and your vehicle. - 7. Replace the platform locking pin to the locked position.
- 8. For safety reasons, engage the parking brake on your vehicle while
loading onto the tow dolly, and place transmission in low gear (standard) or
park (automatic).
Sign on tow dolly is reversed so it can be seen correctly
in rearview mirror.- 9. Center the tie-down ratchets in front of the towed vehicle’s tires and
pull the tire straps forward over the tires, arranging for a secure
fit. - 10. Tighten each tire strap securely by pulling up and down on the tow dolly
ratchet handle as many times as necessary. Tire straps should fit securely
against the tires, with no slack. Be sure the strap on the inside of the tire
does not come in contact with any brake or suspension parts. - 11. Insert safety pin and attach safety clip with ratchet handle in down
position. 
- 12. Hook up the safety chains from the tow dolly platform to the frame of
your vehicle directly above the area where chains are mounted on the tow dolly.
Allow slight slack in the chains to provide for suspension movement on the towed
vehicle while traveling. - 13. Disconnect and remove the drive shaft on your vehicle if it is
rear-wheel, four-wheel or all-wheel drive. Consult your auto dealer if you are
uncertain about the above. Towing a vehicle using a tow dolly without
disconnecting the drive shaft will damage your vehicle’s transmission, even if
the transmission is placed in neutral. - 14. The parking brake must be released on your vehicle
before traveling. Be sure the steering is locked in the straight
position, with the wheels pointed straight ahead. - 15. Remove your keys from the ignition and lock your vehicle.
- 16. Check the towing system after hookup and tow about 100 ft., then stop
and perform a safety check. Check the bolts, safety chains and cables, coupler,
ramps, tire straps and other items to make sure they are in the right position
and secure. Repeat the safety check after the first 5 miles and then every 50
miles thereafter.
Important
Unloading Your Vehicle From the Tow Dolly
- Park your rental truck and tow dolly straight and on level ground.
- Fully apply the parking brakes on your Penske rental truck and your towed
vehicle. Reinstall the drive shaft on rear-wheel, four-wheel or all-wheel drive
towed vehicles. - Remove tire straps and safety chains from towed vehicle, placing the ratchet
handle in the down position. - Release the tow dolly platform locking pin.
- Release the parking brake on the towed vehicle.
- Slowly back your vehicle off the tow dolly platform to prevent the bottom of
the vehicle from contacting ramps. If the drive shaft was removed from your
vehicle for towing, check the transmission fluid level, as it may have leaked
during your trip. - Return the tow dolly platform to the up position and engage the platform
locking pin. - Take up excess slack of the tire straps in tie-down ratchet assembly and
replace safety chains back in the storage position.










